نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار سازمان اسناد و کتابخانه ملی
چکیده
تاریخ‌نگاری جنگ ایران و عراق در غرب، اندکی پس از آغاز این نبرد تاکنون مورد اهتمامِ کارشناسان و استراتژیستهای غربی قرار گرفته و تا امروز با دستاوردهایی قابلِ تأمل شامل بیش از شصت کتاب و صدها مقاله و سخنرانی، ادامه یافته است. با وجود این، شناخت آثار و نقد و تحلیل دیدگاههای صاحبنظران غربی در این موضوع، به نحوی بایسته، مورد اهتمام پژوهشگران داخلی نبوده است. با تأمل بر نزدیک به چهار دهه تاریخ‌نگاری جنگ ایران و عراق در غرب، میتوان آثار منتشرشده در دورههای تاریخی را در پیوند با تحولات سیاسی و رخدادهای بیرونی، ذیل پنج مرحله طبقهبندی کرد. آشنایی با کلیاتی از ویژگیها و سیر تحول هریک از مراحل تاریخ‌نگاری جنگ، موضوع اصلی این نوشتار است. این بررسی، کتابهای منتشرشده به زبان انگلیسی در اروپا و آمریکا را در نظر دارد که به روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی و با بهرهمندی بیواسطه از منابع مذکور انجام شده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Phases of Historiography of Iran-Iraq War in the West
نویسنده [English]
- Mahbobeh Shamshirgarha
Assistant Professor of National Library and Archives.
چکیده [English]
The historiography of Iran-Iraq war in the West, started shortly after the start of the battle, by the experts and strategists .It has been continued with remarkable gains through more than sixty books and hundreds of articles and speeches, since then. however, Iranians scholars have not have enough attention to this subject , so we do not see critical analysis about the views of Western strategists in Iran. But now, After nearly four decades of historiography of war in the West, we can classify the works in five phases based on the most important developments in the Persian Gulf region. It is possible to know the features of these phases and their evolutions because of relative similarity of Western works in each period. So, that is the main subject in this article. which reviews based on the books published in English, in Europe and America. We used the analytical method, with the use of these sources, directly.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Historiography
- Western historiography
- Iran-Iraq War
- Historical analysis
- Abdulghani, Jasim, Iraq and Iran: The Years of Crisis, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1984
- Ashton, Nigel John & Gibson, Bryan, The Iran-Iraq War: New International Perspectives, London: Routledge, 2014
- Bergquist, Ronald E, The Role of Airpower in the Iran-Iraq War, Alabama: Air University Press. 1988
- Bulloch, John & Morris, Harvey, The Gulf War: Origin, History and Consequences of Islam at War, London: Methuen Publishing, 1989
- Chubin, Shahram & Tripp, Charles , Iran and Iraq at War. London: I.B.Tauris, 1988
- Chubin, Shahram, Iran and Its Neighbours: The Impact of the Gulf War, London: Centre for Security and Conflict Studies, Institute for the Study of Conflict, 1987
- Cordesman, Anthony H. & Wagner, Abraham R, The Lessons of Modern War; Volume II: The Iran-Iraq War, Boulder: Westview Press, 1990
- Cordesman, Anthony H., The Iran-Iraq War and Western Security 1984-87: Strategic Implications and Policy Operations, London: Janes Information Group, 1987
- De Guttry, Andrea & Ronzitti, Natalino, The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) and the Law of Naval Warfare: A Collection of Documents and Related Commentaries on Naval Practice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993
- Dekker, Ige ,The Gulf War of 1980-1988: The Iran-Iraq War in International Legal Perspective, Berlin: Springer, 1992
- Deora, M. S., & Grover, R., Iran-Iraq conflict, New Delhi : Anmol Publications, 1998
- El Azhary, M. S., The Iran-Iraq War: An Historical, Economic and Political Analysis, London: Routledge, Palgrave Macmillan, 1984
- El-Shazly, Nadia El-Sayed. , The Gulf Tanker War: Iran and Iraq's Maritime Swordplay, London: Macmillan Press, 1998
- Firzli, Nicola, Iraq-Iran Conflict, Paris: Editions du Monde Arabe, 1981
- Friedman, Alan, Spider's Web: The Secret History of How the White House Illegally Armed Iraq, New York: Bantam Books, 1993
- Gibson, Bryan R., Covert Relationship: American Foreign Policy, Intelligence, and the Iran-Iraq War, 1980-1988. Santa Barbara: Praeger Publisher, 2010
- Gieling, Saskia, Religion and War in Revolutionary Iran, London: I.B.Tauris, 1999
- Grummon, Stephen R, The Iran-Iraq war: Islam embattled, Santa Barbara: Praeger Publisher, 1982
- Hiro, Dilip , The Longest War: The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict, London: Grafton Books, 1989
- Hooton, E. R., & Navias, Martin S., Tanker Wars: Assault on Merchant Shipping During the Iran-Iraq Crisis, 1980-88, New York, London : I. B. Tauris, 1996
- Joyner, Christopher C., The Persian Gulf War: Lessons for Strategy, Law, and Diplomacy, New York: Greenwood Press, 1990
- Karsh, Efraim, The Iran-Iraq War: A Military Analysis, London: The International Institute for Strategic Studies, 1987
- Karsh, Efraim, The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988, Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2002
- Karsh, Efraim, The Iran-Iraq War: Impact and implications, Houndmills: Macmillan, 1989
- Woods, Kevin M. , Murray, Williamson , Nathan, Elizabeth A. , Sabara, Laila & Venegas, Ana M. , Saddam's Generals: Perspectives on the Iran-Iraq War, Alexandria: Institute for Defense Analysis, 2011
- Khosronejad, Pedram, Unburied Memories, the Politics of Bodies of Sacred Defense Martyrs in Iran, London and New York: Routledge, 2013
- Mofid, Kamran, The Economic Consequences of the Gulf War, London: Routledge, 1990
- Murray, Williamson & Woods, Kevin M., The Iran-Iraq War: A Military and Strategic History, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014
- Naff, Thomas, Gulf Security and the Iran-Iraq War, Washington, D.C. : National Defense University Press, 1985
- O'balance, Edgar , The Gulf War. London: Brassey's, 1988
- PelletiËre, Stephen C., The Iran-Iraq War: Chaos in a Vacuum. Santa Barbara: Praeger Publisher, 1992
- Rajaee, Farhang, Iranian Perspectives on the Iran-Iraq War, Gainseville: University Press of Florida, 1997
- Rajaee, Farhang, The Iran-Iraq War; The Politics of Aggression, Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1993
- Razoux, Pierre, The Iran-Iraq War, Translated by Nicholas Elliott , Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2015
- Saivetz, Carol R. , The Soviet Union and the Gulf in the 1980's, Boulder : Westview Press,1986
- Shemesh, Haim, Soviet-Iraqi Relations, 1968-1988: In the Shadow of the Iraqi-Iran Conflict, Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1992
- Souresrafil, Behrouz, The Iran-Iraq war, Plainview, New York: Guinan Lithographic Co. & London : C.C. Press Ltd, 1989
- Tahir-kheli, Shirin & Ayubi, SHaheen, The Iran-Iraq War: New Weapons, Old Conflicts, Santa Barbara: Praeger, 1983
- Tareq Aziz, Iraq-Iran conflict: questions and discussions, translated by Naji Al-Hadithi, London: Third World Center for Research and Publishing, 1981
- The Iran-Iraq War and the first Gulf War, London: Routledge, 2006
- Timmerman, Kenneth R., The Death Lobby: How The West Armed Iraq, New York: Bantam Books, 1992
- United Nations and the Iran Iraq War, Ford Foundation Conference Repor, New York: Ford Foundation, 1987
- Woods, Kevin M., Murray, Williamson, Holaday, Thomas & Elkhamri, Mounir, Saddam's War: An Iraqi Military Perspective of the Iran-Iraq War, washington: National Defense University, 2009
- Workman, W. Thom, The Social Origins of The Iran-Iraq War, Boulder, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1994
- Zatarain, Lee Allen, Tanker War: America's First Conflict with Iran, 1987-88, Philadelphia: Casemate Publishers, 2009
)